Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSC) are adult stem cells present in adipose tissue and found in 2001 by Dr. Marc Hedrick, the founder of Cytori Therapeutics.
Have the ability to grow (differentiate) into specific cells
Have the ability to reproduce in an undifferentiated state
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The probability of stem cells is much higher in adipose tissue than in any other cell source. This indicates that stem cells are abundant in adipose tissue. Another advantage is that a substantial number of fresh stem cells may be used soon after collection from adipose tissue without culture.
Cell source | Frequency of stem cells | Culture for preparation of high-density stem cells |
---|---|---|
Bone marrow | Slightly high | May be necessary |
Skin | High | Necessary |
Cord blood | Very low | Necessary |
Placenta | Unconfirmed | Necessary |
Skeletal muscle | High | Necessary |
Adipose tissue | Very high | Unnecessary |
Amniotic fluid | Unconfirmed | Unnecessary |
Fresh stem cells were added to adipose tissue, and the residual volume of adipose tissue was compared. At 6 and 9 months, the residual volume was about 2.5 times as great as that in mice receiving adipose tissue alone.
(Comparison in an experiment with inbred mice)